Establishment of medical service protocols in large public hospitals for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019.

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) poses a challenge to hospitals for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. As the main battlefield of preventing and controlling COVID-19, large public hospitals should develop service protocols of diagnosis and treatment for outpatient, emergency, hospitalization, surgery, and discharge. The construction of medical protocols should be based on the risk factors of key points and focused on pre-inspection triage and screening, to establish a rapid response mechanism to deal with exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Implementation of all-staff training and assessment, strengthening the information system, and use of medical internet service are important. This study explores the construction of medical protocols in large public hospitals during the pandemic, and provides a reference for the orderly diagnosis and treatment in hospitals during the pandemic.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

Effect of digital gap on virtual care in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: empirical evidence in Taiwan

Decent internet usage rates make Taiwan a case to succeed in virtual care practices during the pandemic. We investigate how internet usage rates across regions condition Taiwan's varieties, concerns, and expectations for virtual care. During the semi-lockdown, we fielded an online census of the managers of care programs for people with disabilities (PWDs). 70% of the PWDs care programs provide three to four virtual care types. Concerned about the PWDs' degeneration and their family caregivers' capacity, respondents expect empowerment of their programs. High internet usage rates facilitate more diversified virtual care, fewer concerns, and various expected assistance. © 2023 Department of Social Work, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Cost analysis of launching telemedicine services by Peking union Medicalcollege hospital during the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019.

Objective To assess the cost of launching telemedicine services by Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods The patients using telemedicine services were enrolled during the period of pilot run from February 10th to April 15th, 2020. The study was done from the social perspective. A decision-tree model was constructed to compare the costs between telemedicine services and conventional clinical services for outpatients. The main outcome was measured as incre- mental cost-effective ness ratios (ICER). Sensitivity analysis was conducted by using one-way sensitivity analysis. Results During a period of forty-seven days, the online fever clinic was applied 3055 person-times(2070 patients) and the online outpatient clinic were applied 36 549 person-times(20 467 patients). On average, 44 febrile cases/d and 435 nonfebrile cases/d were reduced in the outpatient clinic. It helped to reduce roughly 1/4 (febrile) and 1/5(nonfebrile) of total numbers of the patients in the outpatient clinic during the peak period of the epidemic. If calculated according to the actual free-of-charge condition, the ICER was -64.7 yuans/person-time. If the actual cost of each consultant of telemedicine service was estimated according to the level of outpatient-service fee, the ICER was -5.5 yuans/person-time. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the main factors affecting the ICERs were transportation cost, lost wages, and the efficiency of telemedicine services. Conclusions Launching telemedicine services helped to relieve the pressure at the outpatient clinics, and has the potential to provide significant cost saving compared to conventional clinic services for outpatients. It is worth considering applying this practice widely in the medical and health services.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

A Bayesian two-stage group sequential scheme for ordinal endpoints

Ordinal endpoints are common in clinical studies. For example, many clinical trials for evaluating COVID-19 infection therapies have adopted an ordinal scale as recommended by the World Health Organization. Despite their importance in clinical studies, design methods for ordinal endpoints are limited;in practice, a dichotomized approach is often used for simplicity. Here, we introduce a Bayesian group sequential scheme to assess ordinal endpoints, which considers a proportional-odds (PO) model, a nonproportional-odds (NPO) model, and a PO/NPO-switch model to handle various scenarios. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate desirable performance, and the R package BayesOrdDesign has been made publicly available.

Educational Donors' Expectations and Their Outcomes in the COVID-19 Era: The Moderating Role of Motivation during Sequential Evaluation Phases

Donors' prior expectations of reinforcing satisfaction and favorable attitudes are predicted using Oliver's satisfaction cycle model. This study aims to investigate how prior expectations drive sustainable donation behavior by demonstrating the moderating role of educational donors' motivation to predict further participation behavior. Using three time-lag intervals, our findings show that the relationship between prior expectations (T1) and attitudes toward educational donation (T3) is positive on a longitudinal basis. While this relationship is negatively moderated by the role of donor motivation, the relationship between the expectation of satisfaction and attitudes toward educational donations is not significantly moderated by motivation. In particular, favorable attitudes toward educational donation increase rapidly when prior expectations are high, and motivation is low. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence for the theoretical mechanisms of the satisfaction cycle model and practical insights for managers during educational donations events. © 2023 by the authors.

Synthesis and crystal characteristics of nirmatrelvir

Several synthetic routes of nirmatrelvir (the ingredient of a new drug to treat COVID-19 made by Pfizer) have been reported. We focused on a second route to improve the synthetic method of nirmatrelvir with a methodology that included different steps. The first step was an analysis of reaction byproducts using acetonitrile as a solvent of the condensation reaction to improve the inversion rate. Then, we used isobutyl acetate as a crystalline solvent to obtain the key intermediate as a solvate, which was a stable crystal product with high purity. Complementarily, we also used trifluoroacetic anhydride as the primary-amide dehydrating agent, and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran as the solvent to prepare nirmatrelvir, which led to an overall yield of 48% via four steps and a purity of 99.5% according to high-performance liquid chromatography. We also investigated the crystal form of nirmatrelvir: the single-crystal features and transformation from a crystal form to nirmatrelvir were dependent upon temperature. Our data have great value for study of the synthetic method and crystal stability of nirmatrelvir. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Shared genetic architecture between type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 severity.

PURPOSE: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have demonstrated a higher risk for developing more severe cases of COVID-19, but the complex genetic mechanism between them is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to untangle this relationship using genetically based approaches. METHODS: By leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D and COVID-19 severity, linkage disequilibrium score regression and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were utilized to quantify the genetic correlations and causal relationships between the two traits. Gene-based association and enrichment analysis were further applied to identify putative functional pathways shared between T2D and COVID-19 severity. RESULTS: Significant, moderate genetic correlations were detected between T2D and COVID-19 hospitalization (rg = 0.156, SE = 0.057, p = 0.005) or severe disease (rg = 0.155, SE = 0.057, p = 0.006). MR analysis did not support evidence for a causal effect of T2D on COVID-19 hospitalization (OR 1.030, 95% CI 0.979, 1.084, p = 0.259) or severe disease (OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.934, 1.069, p = 0.982). Genes having pgene < 0.05 for both T2D and COVID-19 severe were significantly enriched for biological pathways, such as response to type I interferon, glutathione derivative metabolic process and glutathione derivative biosynthetic process. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings further confirm the comorbidity of T2D and COVID-19 severity, but a non-causal impact of T2D on severe COVID-19. Shared genetically modulated molecular mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of the two disorders are crucial for identifying therapeutic targets.

Macrophage membrane-biomimetic adhesive polycaprolactone nanocamptothecin for improving cancer-targeting efficiency and impairing metastasis

The recent remarkable success and safety of mRNA lipid nanoparticle technology for producing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has stimulated intensive efforts to expand nanoparticle strategies to treat various diseases. Numerous synthetic nanoparticles have been developed for pharmaceutical delivery and cancer treatment. However, only a limited number of nanotherapies have enter clinical trials or are clinically approved. Systemically administered nanotherapies are likely to be sequestered by host mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), resulting in suboptimal pharmacokinetics and insufficient drug concentrations in tumors. Bioinspired drug-delivery formulations have emerged as an alternative approach to evade the MPS and show potential to improve drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we developed a biodegradable polymer-conjugated camptothecin prodrug encapsulated in the plasma membrane of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Polymer conjugation revived the parent camptothecin agent (e.g., 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), enabling lipid nanoparticle encapsulation. Furthermore, macrophage membrane cloaking transformed the nonadhesive lipid nanoparticles into bioadhesive nanocamptothecin, increasing the cellular uptake and tumor-tropic effects of this biomimetic therapy. When tested in a preclinical murine model of breast cancer, macrophage-camouflaged nanocamptothecin exhibited a higher level of tumor accumulation than uncoated nanoparticles. Furthermore, intravenous administration of the therapy effectively suppressed tumor growth and the metastatic burden without causing systematic toxicity. Our study describes a combinatorial strategy that uses polymeric prodrug design and cell membrane cloaking to achieve therapeutics with high efficacy and low toxicity. This approach might also be generally applicable to formulate other therapeutic candidates that are not compatible or miscible with biomimetic delivery carriers. © 2022 The Authors

Evaluation and Improvement Strategy of Tourism Industrial Park Competitiveness from the Perspective of New Urbanization: Case Study of the Suining Tourism Industrial Park

Since China's reform and opening up, the domestic economic structure has undergone significant changes, and the industrial system has gradually developed to the tertiary industry. As the core of the tertiary sector and service industry, tourism has, therefore, entered a stage of vigorous development. At the same time, in the context of promoting new-type urbanization, industrial parks created by the theory of industry-urban integration have entered a new stage of development. Due to the respective characteristics of industrial parks and tourism, tourism industrial parks with comprehensive coverage and a strong driving ability have gradually formed under the promotion of industry-urban integration. As a new carrier of the tourism industry, tourism industrial parks are being built all over China. However, due to the differences in the development level of each region, how to improve the competitiveness in the construction of tourism industrial parks has become a problem worth studying. Based on the diamond model in the competitiveness theory, this paper first improves the model according to the actual situation and constructs the competitiveness evaluation index system of tourism industrial parks from the perspective of new-type urbanization. Second, the weight of each index is calculated using the Analytic Network Process (ANP), and then the competitiveness evaluation model is constructed by the matter-element method. Finally, the evaluation model is verified by taking the Suining city Tourism Industrial Park as an example, and corresponding improvement suggestions are put forward for this case. At the same time, the feedback from this evaluation process also provides a scientific method and theoretical basis for enhancing the competitiveness of tourism industrial parks and provides a new idea for the future development of such parks. © 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Epidemic characteristics of 69 COVID-19 cases in Lu’an city

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of COVID-19 in Lu’an city, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in this area. Methods All the confirmed cases of COVID-19 were selected from the Infectious Disease Reporting System from the onset of disease to 24:00 on February 18th, 2020 in Lu’an City. The general demographic, onset and medical information, and epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases were collected to describe the feature of patients. The spatial and temporal distribution of disease transmission was analyzed by SaTScan 9.6.0.0 software, and Excel 2010 software was used to draw the epidemic curves of all cases. Results A total of 69 confirmed cases were reported in Lu’an City by February 18th, 2020. There were more male cases (44) than female (25), and cases mainly aged 36-45 years old (37.68%). The proportion of workers was the highest (24.64%). The first symptom of conformed cases was fever (50, 72.46%), cough (25, 36.23%) and fatigue (12, 17.40%). The epidemic was more serious in Jinzhai County (23), Huoshan County (17) and Huoqiu County (13). The number of cases in Lu’an showed that the first epidemic peak occurred between January 25th and January 28th, and the largest number of cases occurred on January 27th, then showed a downward trend. A total of 45 aggregate cases were found. Conclusion The COVID-19 epidemic in Lu’an City is generally preventable and controllable. It will be alert to the risk of family clustering, spread of asymptomatic infections and imported cases. Future work should focus on the investigation of close contacts. © 2021, Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.

Clinical characteristics of nutritional indicators in patients with Covid-19

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical significance of serum total protein, serum globulin, serum albumin and white globular ratio of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 upon admission. Enrolled 82 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 patients admitted to Wuhan Seventh Hospital, Hubei Province, including 34 cases of ordinary patients, 32 cases of severe patients, and 16 cases of critical patients. The age, gender, chronic underlying disease, total serum protein, serum globulin, serum albumin and white globular ratio in 3 groups were collected. The blood routine indicators of each group of patients were tested and analyzed, and the inflammation indicators C-reactive protein and procalcitonin on the 1st, 3rd and 7th d of treatment were compared. The experimental results showed that compared with ordinary patients and severe patients, the nutritional loss of critically ill patients was obvious. In clinical treatment, the decrease of albumin should be paid close attention and corrected in time.

Establishment of medical service protocols in large public hospitals for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) poses a challenge to hospitals for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. As the main battlefield of preventing and controlling COVID-19, large public hospitals should develop service protocols of diagnosis and treatment for outpatient, emergency, hospitalization, surgery, and discharge. The construction of medical protocols should be based on the risk factors of key points and focused on pre-inspection triage and screening, to establish a rapid response mechanism to deal with exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Implementation of all-staff training and assessment, strengthening the information system, and use of medical internet service are important. This study explores the construction of medical protocols in large public hospitals during the pandemic, and provides a reference for the orderly diagnosis and treatment in hospitals during the pandemic. © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

Cost analysis of launching telemedicine services by Peking union Medicalcollege hospital during the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019

Objective  To assess the cost of launching telemedicine services by Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.  Methods  The patients using telemedicine services were enrolled during the period of pilot run from February 10th to April 15th, 2020. The study was done from the social perspective. A decision-tree model was constructed to compare the costs between telemedicine services and conventional clinical services for outpatients. The main outcome was measured as incre- mental cost-effective ness ratios (ICER). Sensitivity analysis was conducted by using one-way sensitivity analysis.  Results  During a period of forty-seven days, the online fever clinic was applied 3055 person-times(2070 patients) and the online outpatient clinic were applied 36 549 person-times(20 467 patients). On average, 44 febrile cases/d and 435 nonfebrile cases/d were reduced in the outpatient clinic. It helped to reduce roughly 1/4 (febrile) and 1/5(nonfebrile) of total numbers of the patients in the outpatient clinic during the peak period of the epidemic. If calculated according to the actual free-of-charge condition, the ICER was -64.7 yuans/person-time. If the actual cost of each consultant of telemedicine service was estimated according to the level of outpatient-service fee, the ICER was -5.5 yuans/person-time. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the main factors affecting the ICERs were transportation cost, lost wages, and the efficiency of telemedicine services.  Conclusions  Launching telemedicine services helped to relieve the pressure at the outpatient clinics, and has the potential to provide significant cost saving compared to conventional clinic services for outpatients. It is worth considering applying this practice widely in the medical and health services. © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

FDA: Feature Decomposition and Aggregation for Robust Airway Segmentation

3D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely adopted for airway segmentation. The performance of 3D CNNs is greatly influenced by the dataset while the public airway datasets are mainly clean CT scans with coarse annotation, thus difficult to be generalized to noisy CT scans (e.g. COVID-19 CT scans). In this work, we proposed a new dual-stream network to address the variability between the clean domain and noisy domain, which utilizes the clean CT scans and a small amount of labeled noisy CT scans for airway segmentation. We designed two different encoders to extract the transferable clean features and the unique noisy features separately, followed by two independent decoders. Further on, the transferable features are refined by the channel-wise feature recalibration and Signed Distance Map (SDM) regression. The feature recalibration module emphasizes critical features and the SDM pays more attention to the bronchi, which is beneficial to extracting the transferable topological features robust to the coarse labels. Extensive experimental results demonstrated the obvious improvement brought by our proposed method. Compared to other state-of-the-art transfer learning methods, our method accurately segmented more bronchi in the noisy CT scans. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Photocatalysis over MXene-based hybrids: Synthesis, surface chemistry, and interfacial charge kinetics

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) are a family of graphene-like 2D materials, with unique layered structures, high mechanical strength, excellent carrier mobility, and outstanding physical and chemical properties. In particular, the work function (Phi) of MXenes and Gibbs free energy of the adsorbed intermediate, such as H* (;Delta G(H)(*);), can be regulated by their surface adsorption groups (-OH, -O, and -F), enabling the applications in the field of photocatalysis. This article systematically summarizes the recent advances of synthetic routes of MXene-based photocatalysts and discusses the interfacial charge kinetics and photogenerated charge transfer mechanism of MXene-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, major challenges and further research trends of MXene-based photocatalysts are also presented. (c) 2021 Author(s).

Exploring post-pandemic struggles and recoveries in the rural tourism based on Chinese situation: a perspective from the IAD framework

Purpose The public health emergency of COVID-19 (Corona-virus disease) pandemic has greatly impacted tourism industry, especially in the rural tourism. This paper aims to study how rural tourism practitioners can get out of the mire of the pandemic. By analyzing the behaviors of various stakeholders and the logic of the impact of the pandemic, the behaviors of participants and future development were sorted out. The key elements that promote the recovery of rural tourism were discovered. Design/methodology/approach Based on the framework of institute analysis and development (IAD), this research selected six rural tourist communities in China as subjects for the studies. Based on the seven basic principles of hermeneutics and the inductive research method, following the analysis method of "first-order coding, second-order coding, aggregated dimensions," the texts obtained through in-depth interview and work reports were analyzed and concepts were extracted. Findings The paper extracted 44 first-order concepts and 14 second-order concepts, and obtained 7 aggregation dimensions, including policy formulation and implementation, improvement of integrated marketing capabilities, improvement of tourism product quality, restrictions on rural tourism development, protection and optimization of environmental resources, industrial integration strategies and improvement of managerial and coordinating capabilities. During the pandemic, the government, enterprises and associations, as the service providers of rural tourism, can optimize the environmental resources and industrial resources of rural tourism by formulating policies, refining products and strengthening marketing in the action arena, to promote the industrial integration of rural tourism and provide better products and services for tourists. Originality/value This paper uses the IAD framework to study how rural tourism communities can successfully recover from the impact of the pandemic. It is found that the rapid recovery of rural tourism is the result of collective action. The core of establishing the collective action mechanism of rural tourism is consensus mechanism, co-construction mechanism and sharing mechanism. By studying the path and possibility of collective action of rural tourism communities, this paper explores the approach of multi-center governance of rural tourism communities to promote the imminent recovery of rural tourism.

Comparison of filtration efficiency standards for COVID\;19 protective masks

Masks from different countries satisfying different standards entered the Chinese market during the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to the public misunderstanding of the concepts relating to mask filtration efficiency. This paper introduced comprehensively the highly recognized multi-national standards, including GB 2626-2019, GB 19083-2010, US 42 CFR 84 Part K, EN 149: 2001+A1: 2009, and EN 13274-7: 2019, focusing particularly on the filtration efficiency performance requirements and testing methods. This paper compared the performance requirements and markings of the particulate filtration efficiency in these standards, as well as the similarities and differences in the pretreatment, test conditions, and test procedures in the testing methods. Three types of masks were tested against different standard methods. Through standard comparative research and analysis, together with sample test, it will help to clarify the basic concepts in the filtration efficiency performance requirements and test methods of filtering half masks to protect against particles, promote all sectors of China to comprehensively understanding the performance and test method requirements of the main mask standards at home and abroad, and help the enterprises, testing agencies and governments to better control and supervise product quality. © 2021, Periodical Agency of Journal of Textile Research. All right reserved.

Network video - The new direction of film market development

Novel coronavirus epidemic took place in December, 2019 and at the same time, without efficient protective measures, the whole world caught in the grip of this virus. Due to the shutdown, film industry became one of the most affected industries and experienced huge economic losses. The survey found that the COVID-19 epidemic has caused the unemployment rate in the film and television industry to decline seriously, and many small and medium-sized companies have closed down, but at the same time, it has also stimulated the rapid development of online IP network dramas. © 2020 IEEE.

Immunogenicity and safety of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine in healthy adults: randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials

BACKGROUND: The significant morbidity and mortality resulted from the infection of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) call for urgent development of effective and safe vaccines. We report the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, KCONVAC, in healthy adults. METHODS: Phase 1 and phase 2 randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trials of KCONVAC were conducted in healthy Chinese adults aged 18-59 years. The participants in the phase 1 trial were randomized to receive two doses, one each on Days 0 and 14, of either KCONVAC (5 mug/dose or 10 mug/dose) or placebo. The participants in the phase 2 trial were randomized to receive either KCONVAC (at 5 or 10 mug/dose) or placebo on Days 0 and 14 (0/14 regimen) or Days 0 and 28 (0/28 regimen). In the phase 1 trial, the primary safety endpoint was the proportion of participants experiencing adverse reactions/events within 28 days following the administration of each dose. In the phase 2 trial, the primary immunogenicity endpoints were neutralization antibody seroconversion and titer and anti-receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G seroconversion at 28 days after the second dose. RESULTS: In the phase 1 trial, 60 participants were enrolled and received at least one dose of 5-mug vaccine (n = 24), 10-mug vaccine (n = 24), or placebo (n = 12). In the phase 2 trial, 500 participants were enrolled and received at least one dose of 5-mug vaccine (n = 100 for 0/14 or 0/28 regimens), 10-mug vaccine (n = 100 for each regimen), or placebo (n = 50 for each regimen). In the phase 1 trial, 13 (54%), 11 (46%), and 7 (58%) participants reported at least one adverse event (AE) after receiving 5-mug vaccine, 10-mug vaccine, or placebo, respectively. In the phase 2 trial, 16 (16%), 19 (19%), and 9 (18%) 0/14-regimen participants reported at least one AE after receiving 5-mug vaccine, 10-mug vaccine, or placebo, respectively. Similar AE incidences were observed in the three 0/28-regimen treatment groups. No AEs with an intensity of grade 3+ were reported, expect for one vaccine-unrelated serious AE (foot fracture) reported in the phase 1 trial. KCONVAC induced significant antibody responses;0/28 regimen showed a higher immune responses than that did 0/14 regimen after receiving two vaccine doses. CONCLUSIONS: Both doses of KCONVAC are well tolerated and able to induce robust immune responses in healthy adults. These results support testing 5-mug vaccine in the 0/28 regimen in an upcoming phase 3 efficacy trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx (No. ChiCTR2000038804, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=62350;No. ChiCTR2000039462, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=63353).

[Epidemiological characteristics and measures of prevention and control of imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai].

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai, introduce measures and provide reference for prevention and control of imported COVID-19 cases. Methods: Data of imported COVID-19 cases in Shanghai reported as of 30 March, 2020 were obtained from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China CDC and field epidemiological investigation reports by CDCs in Shanghai. The information about measures of prevention and control was collected from official websites and platforms of the governments. Data cleaning and statistical analysis were performed with softwares of EpiData 3.1, Excel 2019 and SAS 9.4. Results: A total of 171 imported COVID-19 cases had been reported as of 30 March, 2020 in Shanghai, including 170 confirmed cases and 1 asymptomatic infection case. Among them, cases of Chinese nationality accounted for 71.3% (122/171) and cases of foreign nationality accounted for 28.7% (49/171). The median age of the cases was 23 years (P(25), P(75): 18, 35 years), and the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.3∶1. Students accounted for 56.6% (97/171). About 45.6% (78/171) of the cases fell ill before arriving in Shanghai. The cases with mild or common clinical manifestation accounted for 96.5% (165/171) and no significant difference in clinical type was observed between overseas Chinese cases and foreign cases. The epidemic curve by diagnosis date reached peak on March 24, and the number of the cases gradually declined due to the closed-loop management process of joint port prevention and control mechanism. The 171 imported COVID-19 cases were mainly from 24 countries and regions, including the United Kingdom (64 cases, 37.3%), the United States (32 cases, 18.6%), France (19 cases, 11.0%) and Italy (16 cases, 9.4%). About 40.4% of the cases (69/171) planned to continue travelling to 21 other provinces and municipalities in China. Customs quarantine and community observation/detection points identified 43.9% (75/171) cases and 31.0% (53/171) cases, respectively. Conclusions: The imported COVID-19 cases in early phase in Shanghai were mainly young population and students accounted for high proportion. The imported risk of COVID-19 was consistent with the severity of the epidemic in foreign countries. The closed-loop management model of the joint port prevention and control mechanism plays an important role in the identification and management of the imported COVID-19 cases.